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Primate, carnivores and cetacean are more prone to SARS-CoV-2 infection.

Mutations of viral spike protein can produce virus variants favoring the spillover.

We suggest prioritizing monitoring efforts on susceptible species here mentioned.

Pandemics can become a new indirect driver of tropical deforestation.

Halting illegal deforestation should be considered an essential activity during the pandemic.

Forest fires could aggravate the health risks of COVID-19.

Tropical deforestation will increase the risks of emerging zoonotic diseases.

Indigenous people should be especially protected during the current pandemic.

Fire induces the establishment of a savanna-like state in abandoned pastures impairing the recovery of the Atlantic Forest.

Vegetation structure and plant functional traits in abandoned pastures were more similar to savannas than to the Atlantic Forest.

The establishment of a savanna-like state reveal a worrying future for the Atlantic Forest because the ongoing climate change.

Climate change will affect species distribution via variation in suitable area amount, displacement of optimal conditions, and/or exposure to non-analog conditions.

We found that Amazon primates will face a plethora of effects of climate change on their geographic ranges.

Even in cases that the species range could increase, Amazonian primates will be exposed to novel climates and might not be able to track their preferred environments.

Remaining populations might also become fragmented and are forecasted to occupy sub-optimal conditions at the periphery of their future ranges.

Conservation assessments should consider the multiple dimensions of climate change.

Over 77% of bird species tended to reduce their distributional ranges in Neotropical seasonally dry forests for years 2050 and 2070 (regardless climate and dispersal scenarios).

This trend includes includes several potential species extirpations from the Neotropical seasonally dry forests.

Uneven structural reorganization and biotic heterogeneity throughout the Neotropical seasonally dry forests.

Measuring objectively the ecological integrity of an ecosystem is a complex task.

Deviation of an indicator variable from a reference relationship is a measure of integrity.

Plant biomass (indicator) is constrained by vegetation height (context variable).

Fragmentation (indicator) is constrained by the amount of habitats (context variable).

In the anthropocene, conservation goals must be set without pristine reference states.

Volunteer divers recorded data for all species selected for the monitoring protocol.

Diving experience did not affect data collection.

Volunteer divers estimated abundance and size similarly to trained scientific divers.

Volunteer divers recorded flagship species, complementing traditional surveys.

Recreational divers enjoyed the citizen-science experience, attesting its potential.

For the first time, we used the tick species Rhipicephalus sanguineus sensu lato (distributed in different areas around the world) to characterize its global geographic distribution using ecological niche modeling, and explore the uncertainty involved in transferring models in space and time.

The global model (the one calibrated in all calibration areas together) predicted broad suitable areas for the species around the world.

Models based on each calibration area separately showed the potential geographic distribution of R. sanguineus sensu lato under current-day conditions with high agreement across the eastern United States, southern Mexico, northern South America, Brazil, Europe, North Africa, sub-Saharan countries, Asia, and Australia.

The global potential distributions of R. sanguineus sensu lato under future conditions were very similar between the two RCPs, but GCMs, model replicates, and model parametrizations contributed importantly to the overall variation detected.

The density of organisms associated with rhodoliths in the euphotic zone is higher than in the mesophotic zone.

Drivers of macrofauna associated to rhodoliths were depth zone, average diameter, biomass of macroalgae and density of rhodoliths.

The biodiversity associated with the SW Atlantic mesophotic rhodolith beds seems to be much higher as previous works had shown for other rhodolith beds.

We provide a giant anteater (Myrmecophaga tridactyla) baseline population viability model built using multi-data source;

A sensitivity analysis was performed to evaluate each parameter impact on the model and to guide future research efforts;

Baseline model showed a 5% growth rate, and the most sensitive parameters are mortality rates and the percentage of females breeding;

A case study based on real data showed that road kill decreases the stochastic growth rate of local giant anteater populations by half;

Our baseline model has the potential to ensure scientific input into conservation planning for the species.

Best practice could increase beef production without increasing its impacts.

There are trade-offs between GHG reduction and other impacts.

Interventions in the cow-calf stage have more potential to increase production.

Two geographically partitioned haplotypes reported.

No recent gene flow between islands.

Results indicate good chances of Rata Island remaining rat-free after eradication.

Campo Rupestre (CR) occurs in the ecotone Cerrado-Atlantic Forest biodiversity hotspots.

CR epitomizes the conflicts between exploitative and sustainable socioeconomic models.

We propose and describe the Action Plan for the Campo Rupestre (APCR).

The APCR aims to reconcile the socio-economic and environmental values in the CR.

The lowland tapir was the most recorded species using the underpasses.

Tapir underpass use summed more than 180 tons of biomass that crossed safely under the highway.

Mammal species assemblages differed among use in cattle boxes and drainage culverts.

Traffic activity on the highway peaked opposite to the activity peak of the mammals in the crossings.

Countries with limited financial resources should consider retrofitting of existing highway underpasses.

Birds use scattered trees mainly as stepping stones and feeding sites.

Their use as stepping stones depends on tree size and distance to a forest patch.

Bird are able to move greater distances and at higher frequencies across a landscape using stepping stones.

Both forest cover and tree aggregation increase tree visits under predation risk.

A new disaster in Brazil involving the rupture of a tailings dam reopened the discussions about socio-environmental impact.

The absence of actions by the companies and the lack of a management plan can imperil the efforts for environmental recovery.

The slowdown of Brazilian environmental legislation can generate a future darker scenario.

Climate and land-use changes threatens Brazilian Cerrado birds.

Only 13% of the Cerrado could serve as refugia for the bird species.

Refugia areas do not coincide with current species-rich areas.

∼11% of the refugia areas overlapped with protected areas.

Different conservation strategies must be adopted to protect species.

Identifying specific and quantitative objectives and linking them to timeframes and budgets.

Developing strategic monitoring and evaluation programs focussed on MPA performance.

Enabling local stakeholders to participate in planning processes.

Explicitly considering MPA costs and leveraging existing sources of funding.

Decentralizing resource management and empowering local stakeholders to manage resources sustainably.

We tested the accuracy of biological attributes to predict reef fish species’ vulnerability to extinction.

Megafauna, carnivorous, mobile invertivorous, habitat specialists, highly mobile species and Elasmobranchii have greater extinction risks.

Reef sites along southestern Brazil have greater proportions and richness of threatened species.

Biological attributes may be a tool to predict the vulnerability of reef fishes.