First documented maned wolf mortality in Brazilian open-air irrigation canals.

Open-air canals are an overlooked but serious threat to Cerrado biodiversity.

Maned wolf deaths highlight broader conservation risks in irrigated landscapes.

Weak environmental licensing omits key mitigation for wildlife impacts.

Integrated action needed: governance, market pressure and scientific evidence.

In intensive farming landscapes SS had higher or equal γ-diversity than SL for most taxa.

We found no differences in beta diversity between SS and SL patches in agricultural landscapes.

Together, SL and SS play a leading role in different landscapes, and both SL and SS need to be conserved.

In six years, 160 individuals of 18 bird species died by electrocution in Argentina.

The Black-chested Buzzard-eagle (Geranoaetus melanoleucus) was the most affected species.

The endangered Chaco Eagle (Buteogallus coronatus) was the third most affected species.

Most electrocution events occurred at designs made of concrete.

Jumper wires and grounding systems may have increased the risk of electrocution.

Nationwide PRF seizures reveal 9,479 animals and 9.3 t of wild meat (2017–2024).

Birds dominate in Caatinga and Pampa; mammals supply most biomass overall.

Seizures reflect defaunation: more individuals but lower biomass in degraded states.

Mammal decline linked to substitution by birds; reptiles show distinct transport bias.

Roadway seizure data offers a cost-effective barometer of illegal wild meat use.

Woody vegetation removal promotes the return of grassland birds in the Pampa biome.

Removing woody vegetation in grasslands benefits grassland bird species by increasing habitat availability.

Prioritizing woody vegetation removal can help conserve threatened grassland birds in shrub-encroached grasslands.

Managing woody vegetation in protected grasslands should be continuous to improve habitat for grassland birds.

Drought–fire feedback is accelerating the collapse of the Amazon ecosystem.

Fires are increasingly linked to forest degradation rather than deforestation.

MCWD anomalies reveal a persistent and intensifying drying trend in the Amazon.

Governance gaps hinder Brazil’s capacity to manage drought–fire interactions.

Fragmented climate and fire policies weaken coordinated responses to degradation.

Designing legal amendments to reduce long-term conflicts and environmental impact.

Using spatial analysis to reveal the state of native vegetation can improve land management.

Optimization of environmental legal analyses through GIS tools.

Roads threaten wildlife by causing roadkill and reducing connectivity.

We analyzed data on roadkills and wildlife crossings usage from 14 years of daily monitoring.

The number of wildlife crossings at mitigation structures increased over time.

Roadkill numbers have increased over the years, even in mitigated segments.

Wildlife crossings structures are likely to fail to reduce roadkill due to absence of proper fencing.

Well-planned, context-sensitive targeted interventions fostered coexistence in high human-jaguar conflict areas of southeastern Mexico.

Cost-effective mitigation measures significantly reduced jaguar predation on livestock, offering a practical, economical solution.

Rancher acceptance of jaguars increased following the interventions, shifting attitudes crucial for long-term coexistence.

Understanding plantations as forests damages culture, knowledge and human wellbeing.

Unclear demarcation between forests and plantations hinders conservation commitments.

We present an actionable agenda to prevent the impacts of unclear forest definitions.

Multi-scale systemic changes are necessary to safeguard social wellbeing.

We propose a definition that clearly discerns forests from plantations.