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Mammal richness and body mass are directly and negatively affected by deforestation.

Vulnerable ecological functions lose prevalence with land-use change.

Persistent ecological functions are benefitted by increasing anthropogenic land-use.

Five out of ten ecological functions lose prevalence in human-modified landscapes.

The loss of ecological functions might compromise the persistence of forest remnants.

Top-down restrictive measures are the basis of Araucaria Forest System conservation

Bottom-up collaborative management could favor keystone plant Araucaria angustifolia

Top-down model had negative feedback that dampens the system limiting its resilience

Bottom-up model had positive feedback expanding the system and its general resilience

Collaborative management could maintain the Araucaria Forests System in the long term

Probability of giant armadillo presence was associated with forests and savannas.

In Mato Grosso do Sul, suitable habitat is heavily fragmented.

Less suitable altered habitat presents high resistance for travel and dispersal.

There are only 69 patches of suitable habitat ≥25 km2 in the region.

Populations surviving in these remnants could be declining or functionally extinct.

Human-wildlife conflict (HWC) is a growing problem that is often exacerbated near wilderness areas.

Higher losses of domestic fowl in the most forested areas induced lower levels of people's tolerance towards the Black-and-chestnut Eagle.

Mountain villages with higher human density had more human and Black-and-chestnut eagle conflict.

Conservation actions should focus on the most forested villages where human-eagle conflict is higher.

The implementation of a socio-ecological approach clearly improved understanding of HWC.

Small Atlantic Forest remnants are key to carnivore population connectivity.

Stepping stones can particularly promote the dispersal of far-ranging species.

Human activities overlap with 29%–70% of the movement corridors for carnivores.

Only 15% of the area covered by key small forest remnants is currently protected.

Restoration initiatives focusing on key forest remnants would benefit species movement.

Brazil is among the three countries with the highest diversity of bird species in the Americas, but it is the first in number of threatened birds with 166 species.

Greatest number of endangered species are recorded in the Atlantic Forest.

79,500 ha of new areas officially protect the most endangered bird species in Brazil.

30-40,000 Brazilian birdwatchers generating information for bird conservation.

The Restinga is an Atlantic Forest neglected phytophysiognomy.

2050 climatic projections show species loss may reach 19%.

Beta-diversity heterogenization and functional homogenization are expected.

These results warn for a critical loss of biodiversity in progress.

The Restinga should be included in plans for adaptation to climate change.

Conservation biology literature is dominated by problem-based research.

Solution-based papers are becoming more common along the last four decades.

Solution-to-problem word ratio suggests greater concern with conservation action.

Higher emphasis on solution-based research can advance biodiversity conservation.

The pandemic brought to light diverse issues concerning the science-policy interface.

These issues are particularly relevant for conservation science and practice.

To tackle them requires recognizing that science is not value-free.

Science should be immersed in processes that include conflict mediation to set goals.

To that end, it is vital to change science policies and training.

Agroecosystem management needs to be considered in landscape ecology studies.

Three components of heterogeneity are important to characterize agroecosystems.

Studies should include the economic gains provided by ecological farming practices.

Studies should include social and economic components of agricultural landscapes.

Fine spatial and temporal data are necessary to better characterize agroecosystems.